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1. Basic Identification Information
| Parameter | English Specification/Value |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | 3-Aminophenol (also: m-Aminophenol) |
| Common Name(s) | 3-Aminophenol; m-Aminophenol; 3-Hydroxyaniline; meta-Aminophenol; C.I. 76520 (Color Index) |
| CAS Registry Number | 591-27-5 |
| EC/EINECS Number | 209-713-7 |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₇NO |
| Molecular Weight | 109.13 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Aminophenol derivative; hair dye coupler; pharmaceutical intermediate; dye precursor |
| Related Compound | 4-Aminophenol (p-Aminophenol, CAS 123-30-8) (amino group in para-position; higher toxicity and sensitization risk) |
2. Physicochemical Properties
| Property Category | Specific Parameter | Specification/Value |
|---|---|---|
| Structural Features | Functional Groups | Amino group (-NH₂) at C3; hydroxyl group (-OH) at C1 on benzene ring (meta-substitution, no intramolecular hydrogen bonding) |
| Physical Appearance | State & Color | White to pale beige crystalline powder; turns pink/brown on exposure to air/light; faint phenolic/amine odor |
| Melting Point | 122–124 °C (lit.; decomposes slightly above melting point) | |
| Boiling Point | 164 °C at 15 mmHg (sublimes at atmospheric pressure; decomposes >200 °C) | |
| Density (25 °C) | 1.21 g/cm³ (crystalline form) | |
| Solubility | Polar Solvents | Soluble in ethanol (1 g/3 mL), methanol, acetone, and dilute acids/bases (forms salts); moderately soluble in propylene glycol (1 g/10 mL) |
