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| Parameter Category | Parameter Name | English Value/Specification |
|---|---|---|
| Basic Identification | Chemical Name | 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol |
| Abbreviation | Bronopol (INN); BNPD | |
| CAS Registry Number | 52-51-7 | |
| EINECS/EC Number | 200-143-0 | |
| Molecular Formula | C₃H₆BrNO₄ | |
| Molecular Weight | 199.988 g/mol | |
| IUPAC Name | 2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol | |
| Physicochemical Properties | Appearance | White crystalline powder (commercial samples may appear yellow) |
| Melting Point | 130-133 °C (lit.) | |
| Boiling Point | 358.0 ± 42.0 °C (Predicted) | |
| Density (20 °C) | 2.0002 g/cm³ (estimated) | |
| Water Solubility | 25 g/100 mL (22 °C) | |
| Solubility in Organic Solvents | Soluble in ethanol, propylene glycol; insoluble in chloroform, acetone, benzene | |
| pH Value (1% Solution) | Acidic | |
| pKa Value | 12.02 ± 0.10 (Predicted) | |
| Flash Point | 167 °C | |
| Stability | Stable under normal storage conditions; hygroscopic; decomposes in alkaline solutions (pH>8) and at high temperatures | |
| Biological Properties | Mechanism of Action | Oxidizes thiol (-SH) groups in microbial enzymes (particularly dehydrogenases), disrupting cellular respiration and metabolic processes |
| Antimicrobial Spectrum | Broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive/negative bacteria, fungi, and yeasts | |
| Minimum Inhibitory Concentration | 25 ppm (0.0025%) effective against most bacteria | |
| Effective pH Range | pH 4-9 (optimal pH 4-7) |
